第 2 次作业一、阅读理解单项选择题（本大题共 100 分，共 10 小题，每小题 10 分）1. Most Americans nd the idea of arranged marriages dicult to understand or accept. They believe that two people should marry for love, after a period of dating or courtship. During that period, theprospective marriage partners are supposed to learn enough about each other to decide whether or not they will be able to build a successful marriage. Today in America, it is common for people to live together as a way of preparing for marriage. The idea of an arranged marriage seems very old-fashioned indeed.But aren't all marriages arranged in one way or another? In the United States marriages are seldom formally arranged, but quite a lot of informal arranging goes on before two people become husband and wife. People who get married are introduced to each other by friends. These friends have already decided that the two people are right for each other and arrange for them to meet. In the United States this kind of arrangement is very common. Because friends have such great in*uence, their approval of a dating partner is very important.Families also exert open and subtle pressures on their children to in*uence their choices of marriage partners. Parents often arrange dates for their own children. One parent often tells a friend about her beautiful daughter or handsome son. Also, parents can meet theperfect marriage prospect for their son or daughter through business relationships. Since parents often assist their children nancially, they feel that they have the right to help the bride and groom select where they will live, what type of furniture they will purchase, and what their life-style will be like. (1). Most Americans think that arranged marriages are ____. A. understandable B. acceptable C. A. He was ardent about the adaptation. B. He was indi@erent to the adaptations. C. He disagreed to the adaptations. D. He was not interested in the adaptation at all.(5). Who encouraged the gush(涌出) in lmmaking?____ A. A partner author of Asimov. B. A company started by C. A corporation set up by Wince Gerardis and Ralph Vicinanza. D. A rm managed by wife. 4. One silly question I simply can't stand is "How do you feel?". Usually the question is asked of a man in action --- a man on the go, walkingalong the street, or busily working at his desk. So what do you expect him to say? He'll probably say, "Fine, I'm all right," but "you've put a bug in his ear" -- maybe now he's not sure. If you are a good friend, you may have seen something in his face, or his walk,that he overlooked that morning. It starts him worrying a little. First thing you know, he looks in a mirror to see if everything is all right, while you go merrily on your way asking someone else, "How do youfeel?"Every question has its time and place. It's perfectly acceptable, for instance, to ask "How do you feel?" if you're visiting a close friend inthe hospital, But if the fellow is walking on both legs, hurrying to make a train, or sitting at his desk working, it's no time to ask him that silly question.When George Bernard Shaw, the famous writer of plays was in his eighties, someone asked him "How do you feel?" Shaw put him in his place. "When you reach my age," he said, "either you feel all right or you're dead." (1). According to the writer, greetings, such as "How do you feel?" ____. A. show one's consideration for othersB. are a good way to make friends C. are proper to ask a man in action D. generally make one feel uneasy (2). The question "How do you feel?" seems to be correct and suitable when asked of ____. A. a man working at his desk B. a person having lost a close friend C. a stranger who looks somewhat worried D. a friend who is ill (3). The writer seems to feel that a busy man should ____. A. be praised for his e@orts B. never be asked any question C. not be bothered D. be discouraged from working so hard (4). George Bernard Shaw's reply in the passage shows his ____. A. cheerfulness B. clevernessC. ability D. politeness (5). “You've put a bug in his ear ”means that you've ____. A. made him laugh B. shown concern for him C. made fun of him D. given him some kind of warning 5. A nurse and her elderly uncle were waiting for a bus at a corner in downtown Chicago. Buses came by, but not the one they wanted. The woman nally half-entered one of the buses and asked the driver if the bus she wanted stopped at that corner.The driver ignored her, so she repeated the question. Incredibly, he then closed the door -- on her arm -- and drove o@. The woman, her arm stuck in the door, trotted alongside the bus, shouting. Passengers said the driver stopped after almost a block only because they, too, were shouting. When the driver nally did stop and opened the door, the woman jumped on the bus to get his badge number. Then he took o@ again and went another couple of blocks before other shouting passengerspersuaded him to stop and let the woman o@. After the driver's bosses at the Chicago Transit Authority--a tax-supported governmental body -- heard of the incident, they looked into it and set his punishment: a ve-day suspension without pay. That struck me as rather light. But Bill Baxa, a CTA public-relations man, said, "That's a pretty harsh penalty. " Five days o@ work is a harsh penalty for dragging a woman alongside a bus by her arm? Baxa said, "Any time you take money away from someone, it is a harsh punishment. The driver makes $14an hour. Multiply that by 40 and you can see what he lost. " Yes, that comes to $560, a tidy sum. But we know that people in theprivate sector are red for far less every day. If the people who run the CTA think that the loss of a week's pay is more than enough, I o@er them a sporting proposition: Give me a bus. Then have their wives stick their arms in the doorway of the bus, and I'll slam the door shut, stop the gas pedal and take them for a fast one-block jog.And I'll pay $560 to anyone who is bold enough to try it. Any takers?Mr. Baxa? Anybody? I didn't think so. (1). The nurse half-entered one of the buses because____. A. the bus they wanted didn't stop there B. she wanted the driver to stop the bus C. she wanted to get some information from the driver D. she and her uncle couldn't wait any longer at the corner (2). The reason why the woman trotted alongside the bus was that____. A. she couldn't get herself away from the bus B. the driver closed the door before she heard the answer C. she was dragged by the bus driver D. she wanted to get the driver's badge number (3). How many blocks was the woman away from the corner where she waited when the bus driver nally let her o@? ____ A. Almost one block. B. Almost two blocks. C. Probably three blocks. D. Probably ve or six blocks. (4). The bus driver's punishment was____. A. being dismissed from the CTA B. being out of work for a week C. paying a ne of $560 D. working without pay for ve days (5). Why did the author o@er a sporting proposition? ____ A. Because the CTA paid little attention to the incident. B. Because the bus driver had not been red. C. Because he wanted to threaten the CTA people. D. Because he thought the penalty was not a harsh on 6. Your Bean Steak (素肉排), Sir!What sort of food are we likely to be eating in the year 2000? Most people, when you ask them a question like that, either say: " There won't be any left, " or "Whatever it is, there won't be much taste in it. " Of course, there are good reasons for being worried about the world's food supplies in the future. Nevertheless, not all the experts share these worries. For one thing, although the world's population is rising fast, food production is keeping pace with it, even in developing countries. It istherefore argued that the main reason why people are hungry is notthat there is a world food shortage but that methods of cultivation are not suciently advanced in some areas and the food is not fairlydistributed ( 分配 ). This does not mean, however, that our diet ( 饮食 ) will go on being the same. In many industrialized countries, people feed animals with grain to produce high-quality beef, even though the grain would feed the human population, and use shmeal to fatten pigs toimprove the quality of bacon. While not many of us would like shmeal for lunch, its nutritional value is high and the unattractive sh it is made from can be presented to the public in colorful packets of sh ngers. By the year 2000, many of these problems will have been solved. Scientists are already capable of making steaks from soy beans. It isquite obvious that there will still be enough to eat, if we are not too particular about where the food comes from and what it is made of. (1). Most people believe that food supplies in the future ____. A. will be much better than they are today B. will become a very serious problem C. will be enough in quantity but not good in quality D. will be the same as they are today (2). The reason why people are hungry in today's world is ____. A. poor farming methods and bad distribution B. food shortages all across the world C. fast rising population D. slow growth of food production (3). The word "bacon" in Line 5, Para. 3 most probably is ____. A. meat made from pigs B. meat made from sh C. a kind of "meat" made from grain D. food for sh (4). The word "particular" in Line 4, Para. 4 means ____. A. special B. very exact C. choosy unavoidable D. old fashioned (2). According to this passage, the prospective marriage partners ____. A. often write to each other B. often attend formal parties together C. often meet each other D. often discuss problems together (3). Which of the *owing is TRUE according to this passage?____ A. Marriages are usually arranged by parents in America. B. No arranging goes on before two people get married. C. D. detailed (5). The title of this passage suggests that ____. A. science is making rapid progress B. there will be worldwide food shortages C. food in the future will be tasteless D. diet in the future will be very di@erent 7. Reading time: 7 1/2 minutesLearning to Keep Your Cool During TestsHave you ever felt so anxious during an examination that you couldn't even put down the answers you knew? If so, you were su@ering from what is known as test anxiety.According to psychologist Ralph Trimble, test anxiety is a very real problem for many people. When you're worried over your performance on an exam, your heart beats faster and your pulse speeds up. These reactions start others: You may sweat more than normal or su@er from a stomachache or headache. Your eld of vision narrows and becomes tunnel-like. Before you know it, you're having diculty focusing. "What I hear students say over and over again," says Dr. Trimble, who is working at the Psychological and Counseling Center at the University of Illinois, "is, 'My mind went blank.'"For a number of years, Dr. Trimble helped many students learn how to perform better during exams and to bring up their grades. Some of these students were interested in sharing what they learned and, with Trimble's help, began holding workshops on overcoming test anxiety. For many students, just being in a workshop with other su@erers made them feel better. They realized that they were not the only ones who had done poorly on tests because of tension.The workshops were so successful that they are still given.In the workshops, students are taught that anxiety is normal. You just have to prevent it from getting the best of you. The rst step is to learn to relax. If before or during an examination you start to panic, stretch as hard as you can, tensing the muscles in your arms and legs; then suddenly relax all of them.This will help relieve tension. But keep in mind that you don't want to be too relaxed. Being completely relaxed is no better than being too tense. "If you are so calm you don't care how you do on an examination, you won't do well," Trimble says. "There is an optimumlevel of concern when you perform at your best. Some stress helps. There are people who can't take even slight stress. They have to learn that in a challenging situation, being anxiously excited is good and will help them to do better. But if they call it anxiety and say, 'It's going to hit me again, ' that will make them nervous and worried."As a student you must also realize that if you leave too much studying until a day or two before the examination, you can't do the impossible and learn it all. Instead, concentrate on what you can do and try to think what questions are likely to be asked and what you can do in the time left for studying.When you sit down to study, set a moderate pace and vary it by reading, writing notes, and going over any papers you have already written for the course, as well as the textbooks and notes you took in class. Review what you know. Take breaks and go to sleep early enough to get a good night's rest before the exam. You should also eat a moderate breakfast or lunch, avoiding drinks like co@ee and stay away from fellow students who get tense. Panic spreads easily.Get to the exam room a few minutes early so that you will have a chance to familiarize yourself with the surroundings and get out your supplies. When the examination is handed out, read the directions twice and underline the signicant instructions, making sure you understand them. Ask the teacher to explain if you don't. First answer the easiest questions, then go back to the more dicult.On essay questions, instead of starting right away, take a few minutes to organize your thoughts, make a brief outline, and then start o@ with a summary sentence. Keep working steadily, and even when time starts to run out, don't speed up.(1). We learn from the passage that test anxiety ____. A. a@ects a small number of people B. can lead to physical discomfort C. can have a negative e@ect on a person's eyesight D. often a@ects those who are physically weak (2). Dr Trimble often heard students say that ____ A. their mind failed to work when faced with a test B. they had diculty focusing on the test items C. they could not think of a way to get rid of test anxiety D. they began panicking well ahead of a test (3). In Trimble's workshop the students learned ____. A. how to avoid being controlled by test anxiety B. that test anxiety is normal and would go away in time C. certain mental exercises that would help them relax D. how to concentrate on what they could do (4). According to the passage, being completely relaxed before a test ____ A. helps a student to perform better in the test B. can also be harmful to a person's performance in the test C. helps a student to cope with a challenging situation better D. may be more harmful than getting too worried over tests (5). The author suggests that before a test ____. A. you shouldav6id staying with a fellow student who su@ers test anxiety B. you should not think that you will be a@ected by your fellow student's anxiety C. you should get together with other su@erers of test anxiety in order to feel better D. you should eat a big meal and drink some co@ee to keep yourself in high spirits 8. Once a week my aunt would announce, "I am going to have my bathtoday."Now most people nd it fairly simple to have a bath. You probably remember how it goes. You enter the bathroom, you put the plug in, turn on the hot water, get into the bath, wash, sing, get out, dry yourself and exit. My aunt's approach was more epic(宏大的), like one of those long Eisenstein lms where people seem to be climbingup the same *ight of stairs forever.My aunt would rst slowly collect her clean linen(亚麻布衬衫), so as to have it all ready for changing into after her bath. This involved sorting out her linen, which took up most of the morning. Sometimes she would nd an old letter buried among her linen, become interested in the memories it aroused and have to postponethe bath until the next day. But if all went well, she would have a bite of lunch and start Phase Two around two o'clock.Phase Two was washing out the bath. She would wash the bath verythoroughly, rinse(冲洗) it with running cold water, rewash it and thencarefully feel the whole surface with her ngers. If there was the slightest blemish, she would clean the whole bath out again. This took about an hour. Then she would ll the bath.By this time she was feeling a bit hungry and exhausted. So she would put on the kettle for a cup of tea. Several cups of tea and several cream crackers (her favourite food) later, she would go backto the bathroom. And nd the water stone cold. (1). According to the writer, most people ____. A. read magazines in the bath B. make bath time a special occasion C. sing when they are in the bath D. have a bath once every other week (2). The writer's aunt ____. A. never got used to taking a bath regularly B. always treated bathtime as an event C. hated climbing the stairs to the bathroom D. would collect her new linen quickly (3). How did she use to spend most of the morning?____ A. Reading old letters.B. Preparing lunch. C. Getting the bath water hot. D. Sorting out her linen. (4). Why might the writer's aunt put o@ bathing until the next day?____ A. She might get fascinated by an old letter. B. She would sometimes get too tired. C. She would sometimes have lunch instead. D. She might start ironing the linen. (5). She would never ll the bath until she ____. A. had cleaned it at least three times B. had had several cups of tea C. had polished it inside and outside D. had made sure it was perfectly clean 9. Acting is such an over-crowded profession that the only advice that should be given to a young person thinking of going on the stage is "Don't!". But it is useless to try to discourage someone who feels that he must act, although the chances of his becoming famous are slim. The normal way to begin is to go to a drama school. Usually only students who show promise and talent are accepted, and the course lasts two years. Then the young actor or actress takes up work with a theatrical company, usually as an assistant stage manager. This means doing everything that there is to do in the theatre: painting scenery, publicity, taking care of the costumes, and even acting in very small parts. It is very hard work indeed, the hours are long and the salary is tiny.Of course, some people have remarkable chances which lead to fame and success without this long and hard training. Connie Pratt, for example, was just an ordinary girl working in a bicycle factory. A lm producer happened to catch sight of her one morning waiting ata bus stop, as he drove past in his car. He stopped and got out to speak to the girl. He asked if she would like to go to the lm studio to do a test, and she thought he was joking. Then she got angry andsaid she would call the police. It took the producer twenty minutes to convince Connie that he was serious. The test was successful. And within a few weeks she was playing the leading part opposite one of the most famous actors of the day. But chances like this happen once in a blue moon! (1). From the very beginning, the author puts it clearly that acting is a profession____. A. sought after by too many B. too dicult for young people C. for ambitious people only D. for young people only (2). Which of the following is NOT mentioned as part of an assistant stage manager's job? ____ A. Play minor rolesB. Take care of the dress to be worn on the stage by an actor or actress. C. Help advertise plays. D. Collect tickets. (3). For someone who feels he must act, it is very likely that____. A. he will become a lm star at long last B. he will become a stage manager C. Only one formal arrangement takes place before two people get married. D. There are usually a lot of informal arrangements before two people get married. (4). Which of the following is NOT true?____ A. Parents often try to in*uence their children's marriages. B. Open arranged marriages are unusual in the U.S. C. Friends sometimes play some role in getting two people together who may get married later. D. Parents never care much about their children's marriages. (5). Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?____A. Social class has much in*uence on marriages. B. Nationality has much in*uence on marriages. he will be well paidD. he will end up without any success (4). The lm producer found Connie Pratt one morning when she was____. A. working in a bicycle factory B. driving past him in her car C. going to a lm studio D. waiting for a bus (5). A few weeks after the test, Connie Pratt found herself____. A. the most famous actress of the world B. playing the leading female role in a play C. as famous as the greatest actor of the world D. no less famous than the leading actor of the day (6). The concluding sentence "chances like this happen once in a blue moon" means____. A. this is something which happens once in a while B. this is a highly protable chance C. this is something highly possible D. this is a very rare chance 10. Advertising can be thought of "as the means of making known in order to buy or sell goods or services". Advertising aims to increase people's awareness and arouse interest. It tries to inform and to persuade. The media are all used to spread the message. The press o@ers a fairly cheap method. Magazines are used to reach special sections of the market. The cinema and commercial radio are usefulfor local markets. Television, although more expensive, can be very e@ective. Posters are fairly cheap and more permanent in their power of attraction. Other ways of increasing consumer interest are through exhibitions and trade fairs as well as direct mail advertising. There can be no doubt that the growth in advertising is one of the most striking features of the western world in this century. Many businesses such as those handling frozen foods, liquor, tobacco and patent medicines have been built up largely by advertising. We might ask whether the cost of advertising is paid for by the manufacturer or by the customer. Since advertising forms part of the cost of production, which has to be covered by the selling price, it is clear that it is the customer who pays for advertising. However, if large scale advertising leads to increased demand, production costs are reduced, and the customer pays less. It is dicult to measure exactly the in*uence of advertising on sales. When the market is growing, advertising helps to increase demand. When the market is shrinking, advertising may prevent a bigger fall in sales than would occur without its support. What is clear is that businesses would not pay large sums for advertising if they were not convinced of its value to them. (1). Advertising is often used to____. A. deceive customers B. increase production C. arouse suspicion D. push the sale (2). The word 'media' 1st paragraph refers to____. A. the press B. television C. radio D. all of the above (3). According to the passage, trade fairs 1st paragraph may____. A. replace exhibitions and markets B. attract possible customers C. o@er fun and amusement D. provide cheap goods (4). Advertising is in the main paid for by____. A. the customer B. the manufacturer C. increased sales D. reduced prices (5). "Large scale" in the third paragraph means____. A. expensive B. well-balanced C. extensive D. colorful答案： 一、阅读理解单项选择题（100 分，共 10 题，每小题 10 分）1. (1). D (2). C (3). D (4). D (5). A 2. (1). D (2). B (3). C (4). A (5). C 3. (1). D (2). D (3). A (4). B (5). C 4. (1). D (2). D (3). C (4). B (5). D 5. (1). C (2). A (3). C (4). B (5). D 6. (1). B (2). A (3). A (4). C (5). D 7. (1). B (2). A (3). A (4). B (5). A 8. (1). C (2). B (3). D (4). A (5). D 9. (1). A (2). D (3). D (4). D (5). B (6). D 10. (1). D (2). D (3). B (4). A (5). C C. Knowledge has much in*uence on marriages. D. Age has much in*uence on marriages. 2. Acting is such an over-crowded profession that the only advice that should be given to a young person thinking of going on the stage is "Don't!" But it is useless to try to discourage someone who feels that he must act, although the chances of his becoming famous are small. The normal way to begin is to go to a drama school. Usually only students who show promise and talent are accepted, and the course lasts two years. Then the young actor or actress takes up work with a repertory company, usually as an assistant stage manager. This means doing everything that there is to do in the theatre: painting scenery, looking after the furniture, publicity, taking care of the costumes, and even acting in very small parts. It is very hard work indeed, the hours are long and the salary is tiny. But young actors with the stage in their blood are happy, waiting forthe chance of work with a better company, or perhaps in lms or television.Of course, some people have remarkable chances which lead to fame and success without this long and tedious training. Connie Pratt, for example, was just an ordinary girl working in a bicycle factory. A lm producer happened to catch sight of her one morning waiting at a bus stop, as he drove past in his big car. He told the chau@eur to stop, and he got out to speak to the girl. He asked her ifshe would like to go to the lm studio to do a test, and at rst she thought he was joking. Then she got angry and said she would call the police. It took t he producer twenty minutes to convince Connie that he was serious. Then an appointment was made for her to go tothe studio the next day. The test was successful. They gave her elocution lessons and within a few weeks she was playing the leading part opposite one of the most famous actors of the day. Of course, she was given a more dramatic name, which is now world-famous. But chances like this happen once in a blue moon! (1). The reason why young people should be discouraged from becoming actors is that ____. A. actors are very determined people B. the course at the drama school lasts two years C. acting is very hard work D. there are already too many actors (2). Why is an assistant stage manager's job dicult?____ A. Because he has to do everything. B. Because he has to work long hours every day. C. Because he will not be happy. D. Because he has to wait for another chance. (3). Usually only students who ____are accepted. A. have received good education B. are hard-working C. are talented and promising D. are good-mannered (4). "Then she got angry and said she would call the police". This sentence shows that ____. A. She totally disbelieved the proposal B. The man acted with an ill purpose C. The man forced her into his big car D. She was a nervous woman (5). The phrase "once in a blue moon" refers to ____.A. once in a full moon B. once for a while C. once for a long time D. once and for all 3. NEW YORK (Variety)--Eight years after his death, prolic science-ction author Isaac Asimov has suddenly arrived as a hot Hollywood commodity, with screen deals for his novels and short stories landing all over town.A deal dosed late last week at Warner Bros to adapt the Asimov short story "The Ugly Little Boy" into a lm. The picture will be produced by Denise DiNovi and Demi Moore as a starting vehicle forMoore.In other recent deals, Fox has optioned Asimov's most popular novelseries, "Foundation,' for Shekhar Kaput ("Elizabeth") to direct; Paramount is working on turning "End of Eternity" into a lm that Ridley Scott ("Gladiator") will likely direct from a script by "Total Recall" co-writer Gary Goldman; and Sony Pictures Family Entertainment is developing into an animated lm series "Norby, theMixed Up Robot," a series of 10 children's novels that Asimov wrote with his wife Janet, who'll act as creative consultant.Most of the deals will be worth seven-gure paydays if the lms get made.Asimov wrote more than 460 works in either book or short-story form. While he wrote some nonction and mysteries, his speciality was sci-, with futuristic stories that were alien-free and high on pro-humanistic themes.His work has in*uenced many prominent sci- lmmakers, but Asimov action had been sparse. The most recent adaptation was theRobin Williams picture "Bicentennial Man." Part of the reason was that Asimov' s sole passion was his books and his family. He was hardly pushy(进取心的) about getting his works adapted, known to grant lm options for as little as $50.The catalyst for the surge in screen activity is that Asimov's estate is now represented by Crested By, a partnership created 1- 1/2 years ago by Vince Gerardis and Ralph Vicinanza, who currently handle the screen rights of about 200 major sci-, fantasy and horror authors. (1). What is the article mainly about?____ A. Asimov and his works. B. Asimov and Hollywood lmmakers. C. Asimov and American show business. D. The popularity of Ashuov's works. (2). Paragraph 3 mainly talks about____. A. the agreements between Asimov's wife and the Hollywood producers B. the lms that will be shot on Asimov's works C. the producers that will shoot the lms D. the works *int will be adapted into lms (3). Asimov mainly wrote____. A. science ction B. mystery C. short story D. nonction (4). What's Asimov's attitude to the adaptation of his works into lms?____