中考重点句式二(基础讲解)
发布时间:2024-06-18 00:06:15浏览次数:27 中考重点句式二【真题再现】I. 根据中文意思翻译句子。(2012 扬州市)1.多吃水果对我们的健康有益。___________________________________________2.在周末我宁愿看书也不看电视。___________________________________________3.这个火车站从 2008 年就投入使用了。___________________________________________4.他非常聪明,很快就算出了这道数学题。____________________________________________5.无论你去哪儿,我都愿意与你同行。____________________________________________II. 根据中文意思完成英语句子,每空所填写的词数不限。(2012 滨州市中考)1.谢谢您帮助我。Thank you for____________.2.晚饭后为什么不出去散步?____________ go out for a walk after supper?3.在北京每天有数以千计的游客。There are ____________in Beijing every day.4.令他惊奇的是,他妈妈的电话改变了他的生活。__________________,his mother's phone call changed his life.5.学习英语的最好方法是运用英语。_________________to learn English is to use English.【答案与解析】I. 根据中文意思翻译句子。1. It is good for our health to eat more fruit. 2. I would rather read books than watch TV at weekends. 3. This railway/train station has been in service/use since 2008.4. He is/was so clever that he works/worked out the maths problem quickly. 5. Wherever you go/No matter where you go, I’d like to go with you. II. 根据中文意思完成英语句子,每空所填写的词数不限。1. helping me/your help. 2. Why not/ Why don’t you/ we 3. thousands of visitors/tourists4. To his surprise5. The best way【用法讲解】考试要求:中考重点句型即中考经常考查的句型,在中考试卷中单项选择和句型转换以及完成句子中经常考到这些重点的句型,同学们在中考冲刺阶段需要确认是否已经掌握了这些重点的句型结构和它们的典型用法,特别是一些重点句子的表达方式。掌握了这些重点句型对于同学们解答阅读理解、听力和书面表达等都会有很大的帮助。1. 常考重点句型:(1)be good for/be bad for…(2)sth./sb. + be+ 基数词+ meters long (wide, high, tall...) (3)as soon as… (4)as…as possible(5)It’s / has been two years since +从句
(6)both…and…(7)neither ...nor... (8)either…or…(9)What’s wrong / the matter with sb. / sth.?(10)There is something /nothing wrong with sth. (11)What/ How about +doing sth.?(12)Why not do ... ?/ Why don’t you do ...? (13)Will / Would /Could you please do sth? (14)Would you like (sb.) to do sth.? (15)Would you mind doing sth.?(16)not...until... (17)be supposed/ willing to do...应该做某事(18)主语+find +it +形容词+ 动词不定式(19)It seems that +从句(20)I don’t think +宾语从句(21)What do you think of…/How do you like …? (22)It’s said/ reported that… 据说/据报道(23)one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数 ...…其中之一 (24)One…the other; some…others (25)not…at all 2.中考经常考到的重点句型详解:(1)It is good / bad for…It is good / bad for…后面接名词或代词,如果接动词,要用动名词形式,表示“对……有益” 或“对……有害”。例如: Vegetables are good for you, while smoking is bad for you. 蔬菜对你有好处,而吸烟对你有害。Doing sports is good for your health. 做锻炼对你的健康有好处。(2)sth./sb. + be+ 基数词+ meters long (wide, high, tall...) 某物/某人有几米长(宽,高……)这个句型表示“某人或某物有多高/ 多长等”。注意如果基数词超过一,后面量词 meter 等要用复数,而汉语中的量词如 yuan 等,是英语的外来语,不需用复数。例如:Our classroom is fifteen meters long and eight meters wide. 我们的教室 15 米长,八米宽。This man is eighty years old now. 这位老人有 80 岁高龄了。(3)as soon as 引导的句型as soon as 表示“一……就……”,引导的是时间状语从句,时态上遵循“主将从现(主句是将来时,从句是现在时)”的用法,主句也可以是祈使句或含有情态动词的句子。这里 as soon as 引导的从句,常是用一般现在时表示将来的意义。例如:Please call back as soon as you arrive home. 到家请回电话。 He will come to my home as soon as he gets to Beijing. 他一到北京就来我们家。(4)as … as possible as…as possible 意为“尽可能得……”,as …as 中间是形容词或者副词的原级。例如:I hope my marks will be as high as possible. 我希望我的分数尽可能地高。He picked as many apples as possible in the apple garden.
他在果园摘了尽可能多的苹果。(5)It’s / has been +时间+ since +(一般过去时的)从句 It’s / has been +时间+since +(一般过去时的)从句, 这个句型表示“自从过去某个时刻算起到现在多长时间了”,it 指代时间,主句的谓语动词可以用现在完成时 has been,也可以用一般现在时 is,与句型“Sb. has +过去分词+for +表示一段时间”意思相同。例如:It has been two months since I came here.自从我来这已经两个月了。He has lived here for five years.= It’s five years since he lived here. 他住在这里已经五年了。(6)both…and…both…and…表示“两者都……”,并列连接对等的成分。如果连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式,表示两者都做某事。例如:Both you and your brother have to stay at home this Sunday. 你和你的弟弟这个周日必须都呆在家里。Both teachers and students were touched by the story.老师们和学生们都被这个故事所感动。 We learn both English and Chinese. 我们既学英语又学汉语。(7)neither ...nor... 这个句型是 both… and…的否定形式,但是 neither... nor...连接两个主语时,谓语动词一般就近一致,即谓语动词的单复数要和最近的主语保持一致,表示“两者都不做某事”。例如:Neither I nor he is from the village. 我和他都不是来自山村。The weather in Kunming is neither too cold nor too hot.昆明的天气既不太冷,也不太热。Neither he nor I have been to the U.S. 我和他都没去过美国.(8)either …or …: either…or 表示选择的一个句式,意为“或者……或者……,要么……要么……”。如果连接主语的时候,谓语动词保持就近一致的原则。例如: He will go to either Britain or France on holiday.他假期不是去英国玩就是去法国玩。Either coffee or tea is OK. 咖啡或者茶都可以。 Either you or he is going for the city. 要么你要么他去那个城市。 (9)What’s wrong / the matter with sb. / sth.?这个句型是询问某人或者某物出什么毛病了或有什么问题了。What’s wrong with 的后面可以接人也可以接物作宾语,同义句型是 What’s the matter with... ?例如:—What’s wrong with your leg? 你的腿怎么啦?—Nothing serious. 没有什么大毛病。注意:此句型作宾语从句时,不需改变语序。He asked me what was the matter with me. 他问我怎么了。(10)There is something wrong with sth/sb. 某物或某人出毛病了。这个句型表示“某物或某人出毛病了”。一般疑问句:Is there anything wrong with sth./sb.?,否定句:There isn’t anything wrong with sth./sb.或 There is nothing wrong with sth./sb.例如:There is something wrong with my computer. 我的电脑出毛病了。 There is nothing wrong with your bike. 你的自行车没毛病。(11)What/ How about +doing sth.?这个句型用于询问“做某事怎么样/ 如何”,用来征求别人的意见。介词 about 后要接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。例如:What about swimming after school? 放学后去游泳怎么样?—I’d like to go swimming. 我想去游泳。
—How about you?你呢?(12)Why not do ... ?/ Why don’t you do ...? 为什么不做……?这个句型表示 “向别人提出建议或征求意见”。Why not 后可以直接加动词原形,可以看成是 Why don’t you do ...?的省略形式,例如:Why don’t you go there with me? = Why not go there with me? 为什么不和我一起去那里?(13)Will / Would /Could you (please) do sth? 请你做某事好吗?本句型是用情态动词 will、would 或 could 引起,表示“请求别人做某事”,would 和 could 没有过去的意义,只是使语气更委婉,其中 please 可省略。例如:Would you please open the door for me? 请你为我打开门好吗?Will you please pass me the ball?请你把球传过来好吗?注意:此句型中谓语动词受情态动词 will、would 等影响要用原形。(14)Would you like (sb.) to do sth.?这个句型是表示“你想要/愿意(某人)做某事吗”,would like 后要用动词不定式,用来征求意见。例如:Would you like me to help your son?你愿意让我帮你的儿子吗?Would you like to go swimming with me after school?放学后你愿意和我一起去游泳吗? (15)Would you mind doing sth.?这个句型是表示“做某事你介意吗?” 动词 mind 的后面用动名词形式作宾语,用于征求意见。例如:Would you mind opening the door? 打开门你介意吗?Would you mind smoking here?在这抽烟,你介意吗?(16)含有 not...until...的句型本句型意思是“直到……才……”。含有 until 或 till 引导的时间状语从句,如果主句的谓语动词是延续性动词,主句是肯定句或否定句都可以;但是如果主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词,主句只能是否定句。例如:I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework.. 我直到做完作业才去睡觉。(“没有上床睡觉”这个状态一直延续到“完成作业“为止)I didn’t know the truth until he told me.直到他告诉我,我才知道事实真相。We didn’t know each other until last August. 我们直到去年八月份才认识。(17)be supposed/ willing to do... be supposed to do 表示“某人理应该做某事”,be willing to do 表示“某人愿意、乐意做某事”。这两个句型都是 be+形容词+to do 构成。例如:You are supposed to shake hands. 你们理应该握手。Are you willing to help? 你愿意帮忙吗?(18)主语+find +it +形容词+ 动词不定式本句型是 it 作形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。不定式做宾语时,如果有形容词或名词等宾语补足语,不定式要后置。例如:We find it difficult to play soccer in our school. 我们发现在我们的学校踢足球是非常困难的。He found it interesting to draw pictures. 他发现画画很有趣。(19)It seems that…从句强调根据一定的事实所得出的一种接近于实际情况的判断,可以说就是事实,可以转换成“名词或代词+seem +动词不定式”的句型,其意不变。如果动词不定式为 to be + 形容词时,to be 往往省略。例如:It seems that it is more difficult for women to get to the top of the company. 妇女似乎更难提升到公司的最高职位。It seems that no one likes the film. = No one seems to like the film. 似乎没有人喜欢这个电影。It seems that he is happy every day. = He seems (to be) happy every day.
他似乎每天都很高兴。(20)I don’t think +宾语从句主句谓语动词是表示“想、认为”等意义的动词时,如 think, believe, imagine, suppose, expect, guess 等,主句主语是第一人称,而且主句是一般现在时的时候,从句否定一般要转移到主句中。例如:I don’t think he is right. 我认为他不对。 We don’t think we can learn math well without her help. 我们觉得没有她的帮助,我们不可能学好数学。(21)What do you think of…/How do you like …? 本句型表示“你认为/你感觉……怎么样?”。 用于询问主语对某事物的观点和看法。例如:—What do you think of our school? 你觉得我们的学校怎么样?—It’s very modern. 很现代化。How do you like China?=What do you think of China?你觉得中国怎么样?(22)It’s said/ reported that…本句型表示“据说/据报道”的意思。that 引导主语从句,表示所说的或所报道的内容。be said/ reported 是被动语态,这个句型多用一般现在时。例如:It’s said that the news is not true. 据说那个消息不是真的。It is reported that 300 million people in China have eyesight trouble.据报道,在中国 3.0 亿人视力有问题。(23)one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数 one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数,表示“是最……之一”。 例如:China is one of the biggest countries in the world. 中国是世界上最大的国家之一。My mother is one of the busiest people in my family.妈妈是我们家最忙的人之一。(24)one…the other; some…(the) others 1)One…the other…表示“两个人或物中的一个和另一个”,此时的 other 作代词。例如: He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker. 他有两个女儿,一个是护士,另一个是工人。2)Some…others…表示“许多种的一些和另一些”,others 是 other 的复数形式,泛指“另外几个、其余的”。the others 指除去一些剩下所有的,而 others 是另一些,不能涵盖剩下的所有情况。例如: Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports. 我们一些人喜欢唱歌和跳舞,其余的从事体育活动。 Some agree with them, while the others disagree. 一些人同意他们的观点,其他人都反对。(25)not…at all not…at all 表示“一点也不……”,常用在否定句中,加强语气。not 要与 be 动词或助动词连用。例如:We don’t speak English at all after class. 在课下我们根本不讲英语。 Though she made many mistakes, she doesn’t feel sorry at all. 尽管她犯了很多的错误,她一点都不惭愧。 注意:Not at all.的用法如下: 1)用于回答感谢,意为“不用谢;不客气”。例如:—Thank you very much.多谢你了。—Not at a11.不客气。2)用于回答带有感谢性质的客套话,意为“没什么”。例如:—You are very kind.你真好。—Not at all . 没什么。
3)用于回答道歉,意为“没关系”。例如:—I’m sorry to keep you waiting.对不起,让你久等了。—Oh,not at a11.I’ve been here only a few minutes.哦,没关系,我也刚到几分钟。4) 用来表示否定(是 No 的加强说法),意为“一点也不,完全不”。例如:—Are you busy? 你忙吗?—Not at a11.一点不忙。