1. by + doing 通过……方式　如：by studying with a group by 还可以表示："在…旁","靠近","在…期间"、"用,""经过","乘车"等　　如：I live by the river. I have to go back by ten o'clock. The thief entered the room by the window. The student went to park by bus.2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论　如：The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。 talk to sb. === talk with sb. 与某人说话3. 提建议的句子： ① What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? ② Why don't you + do sth.? 如：Why don't you go shopping? ③ Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? ④ Let's + do sth. 如： Let's go shopping ⑤ Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?4. a lot 许多 常用于句末 如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。5. too…to 太…而不能 常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth.如：I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。6. aloud, loud 与 loudly 的用法 三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。 ① aloud 是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大,常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud 没有比较级形式。如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。 ② loud 可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与 speak, talk,laugh 等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如:She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。 ③ loudly 是副词,与 loud 同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。7. not …at all 一点也不 根本不 如： I like milk very much. I don't like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡。 not 经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾8. be / get excited about sth.=== be / get excited about doing sth. === be excited to do sth. 对…感兴奋 如： I am / get excited about going to Beijing.=== I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。9. ① end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事 如： The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。② end up with sth. 以…结束 如： The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。10. first of all 首先. to begin with 一开始 later on 后来、随11. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末12. make mistakes 犯错 如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。 make a mistake 犯一个错误 如：I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误。13. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人） 如：Don't laugh at me!不要取笑我!14. take notes 做笔记，做记录15. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…乐意做… She enjoys playing football.她喜欢踢足球。 enjoy oneself 过得愉快 如：He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。 She has been to Shanghai. 她去过上海。(已经回来)She has gone to Shanghai. 她去了上海。(没有回来)She has been in Shanghai for 2 days.她呆上海两天了。(没有离开过上海)1.情态动词 must, may , might, could, may , can't 表示推测含义与用法后面都接动词原形，都可以表示对现在情况的揣测和推断但他们 含义有所不同 must 一定 肯定 (100%的可能性) may, might, could 有可能，也许 (20%－80%的可能性)　 can't 不可能，不会 (可能性几乎为零)　 The dictionary must be mine. It has my name on it. The CD might/could/may belong to Tony because he likes listening to pop music. The hair band can't be Bob's. After all, he is boy!2. whose 谁的　疑问词　作定语　后面接名词如：Whose book is this? This is Lily's.3. belong to 属于　如： That English book belongs to me.4. 当 play 指弹奏乐器时，常在乐器前用定冠词　如：　　play the guitar play the piano play the violin当 play 指进行球类运动时，则不用定冠词　如：　 play football play basketball play baseball5. if 引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时　如：　　If you don't hurry up, you'll be late.如果你不快点，你将会迟到6. if you have any idea== if you know 如果你知道7. on　关于（学术，科目）8. try to do sth. 尝试做某事　如：I try to climb the tree. 我尝试爬树。9. because of , because because of + 名词/代词/名词性短语 because +　从句　　如：　　I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。 I had to move because of my job. 因为工作的原因我得搬家。10. own v.－owner n. listen v.－listener n. learn v.－learner n.11. catch a bus 赶公车12. neighbor 邻居　指人 neighborhood 邻居　指地区也可指附近地区的人　13. local 当地的　如：local teacher 当地的教师14. noise n. 噪音　是个可数名词　noises15. call the police 报警　如：Quick! Call the police! 快！叫警察！16. anything strange 一些奇怪的东西当形容词修饰 something, anything, nothing, everything 等不定代词时，放在这些词的后面17. there be sb./ sth. doing 如：There is a cat eating fish.There must be something visiting our home.18. escape from …从哪里逃跑出来　如： He escaped from the burning building. 他从燃烧的大概中逃出来。19. an ocean of + 名词　极多的，用不尽的　如：an ocean of energy.20. unhappy 不高兴的　反义词 happy 高兴的21. final adj. 最后的　finally adv. 最后地22. dishonest 不诚实的　反义词 honest 诚实的。23. get on 上车 get off 下车　24. use up 用光、用完如：They have used up all the money.他们已经用完了所有的钱。25. attempt to do 试图　 如：The boys attempted to leave for Beijing. 男孩子们试图想去北京。26. wake 动词　唤醒　常用的词组：wake up　意为醒来　如：　　Please wake me up at 8 o'clock.　请在 8 点钟叫醒我。27. look for 寻找　指过程find 找　指结果　　如：　　I am looking for a pen. 我正在找一支笔。（指找的过程）　　I found my pen just now. 我刚刚找到了我的笔。（指找的结果）28. hear 听　指听的结果listen 听 指听的过程　如：　　Did you hear ? 你听到了吗？（指听的结果，听或没听到）　　I often listen to the music. 我经常听音乐。（指听的过程）29. try one's best to do sth. 尽某人的最大努力去做某事　如：　　He tried his best to run. 他尽他的最大努力去跑。30. 名词所有格　　　名词所有格的构成有两种形式　①是在名词后面加 's 或是以 s 结尾 的名词，只在名词的后面加 '如：Ann's book　安的书, our teachers' office 我们老师们的办公室 注：双方共有的所有格，只在后面一个名词加's,　如：　　Lily and Lucy's father 莉莉和露西的爸爸（她们的爸爸是同一个人）　②有…of …介词短语表示无生命东西的所有格　如：a picture of my family 我家人的相片　　　有时也有's 表示无生命的东西的所有格　如：　　　today's newspaper,　　the city's name 16. native speaker 说本族语的人17. make up 组成、构成18. one of +(the+ 形容词比较级)+名词复数形式 …其中之一 如： She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。19. It's +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事… 如：It's difficult (for me ) to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了。 句中的 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 to study English20. practice doing 练习做某事 如： She often practice speaking English. 她经常练习说英语。21. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 如： LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经决定去北京。22. unless 假如不，除非 引导条件状语从句 如：You will fail unless you work hard..假如你不努力你会失败。 I won't write unless he writes first. 除非他先写要不我不写23. deal with 处理 如：I dealt with a lot of problem.24. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/ 某事 如：Mother worried about his son just now. 妈妈刚才担心他的儿子。25. be angry with sb. 对某人生气 如：I was angry with her. 我对她生气。26. perhaps === maybe 也许27. go by (时间) 过去 如： Two years went by. 两年过去了。28. see sb. / sth. doing 看见某人正在做某事 强调正在发生 see sb. / sth. do 看见某人在做某事 如： 如： She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom.她看见他正在教室里画画。29. each other 彼此30. regard… as … 把…看作为…. 如：The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。31. too many　许多　修饰可数名词　如：too many girlstoo much　许多　修饰不可数名词 如：too much milk much too　太　　修饰形容词 如：much too beautiful32. change…　into…　将…变为…　如：The magician changed the pen into a book. 这个魔术师将这本书变为一本书。33. with the help of sb. == with one's help 在某人的帮助下 如：with the help of LiLei == with LiLei's help 在李雷的帮助下34. compare … to …　把…与…相比　如：Compare you to Anna, you are lucky.你和安娜相比，你是幸运的。35. instead 代替　用在句末，副词（字面上常不译出来） instead of sth. / doing sth. 代替，而不是 用在句中，动词如：Last summer I went to Beijing. This year I'm going to Shanghai instead.去年夏天我去北京, 今年我将要去上海。I will go instead of you. 我将代替你去。He stayed at home instead of going swimming. 他呆在家里而不是去游泳。新目标九年级英语语法总结 Unit21. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事　否定形式：　didn't use to do sth. / used not to do sth.如：He used to play football after school. 放学后他过去常常踢足球。 Did he use to play football? Yes, I did. No, I didn't. He didn't use to smoke. 他过去不吸烟。2. 反意疑问句　 ①肯定陈述句＋否定提问　如：Lily is a student, isn't she? Lily will go to China, won't she?　 ②否定陈述句＋肯定提问 如：She doesn't come from China, does she?You haven't finished homework, have you?　　③提问部分用代词而不用名词 Lily is a student, isn't she?　　④陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly 等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。 如：He knows little English, does he?　他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？They hardly understood it, did they?他们几乎不明白，不是吗？3. play the piano　弹钢琴4. ①be interested in sth. 对…感兴趣② be interested in doing sth. 对做…感兴趣 如：He is interested in math, but he isn't interested in speaking English. 他对数学感兴趣，但是他对说英语不感兴趣。5. interested adj. 感兴趣的，指人对某事物感兴趣，往往主语是人 interesting adj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主语往往是物6. still 仍然，还　　　用在 be　动词的后面　如：I'm still a student. 用在行为动词的前面　如：I still love him.7. the dark 天黑，晚上，黑暗8. 害怕… be terrified of sth. 如：I am terrified of the dog. be terrified of doing sth. 如：I am terrified of speaking.9. on 副词，表示（电灯、电视、机械等）在运转中/打开，其反义词 off. 　with the light on 灯开着10. walk to somewhere 步行到某处 walk to school 步行到学校11.　spend 动词，表示"花费金钱、时间" ① spend…on sth. 在某事上花费（金钱、时间） ② spend…doing sth. 花费（金钱、时间）去做某事　如：He spends too much time on clothes. 他花费太多的时间在衣着He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花费了三个月去建这座桥。 Pay for 花费 如：I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了 10 元买这本书。12. take 动词　有"花费"的意思　常用的结构有：　　take sb. … to do sth. 如：It takes me a day to read the book.take … to do sth.13. chat with sb. 与某人闲聊　如：I like to chat with him. 我喜欢和他聊天。14. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/某事　worry 是动词　 be worried about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事　worried 是形容词　如：Don't worry about him. 不用担心他。　　Mother is worried about her son. 妈妈担心他的儿子。15. all the time 一直、始终16. take sb. to + 地方　送/带某人去某个地方　如：　　A person took him to the hospital. 一个人把他送到了医院。 Lui took me home. 刘把我送回了家。(home 的前面不能用 to)17. hardly adv. 几乎不、没有 hardly ever 很少　 hardly 修饰动词时，通常放在助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前　助动词/情态动词＋hardly　　　 hardly + 实义动词　　如：　　I can hardly understand them. 我几乎不能够明白他们。　　I hardly have time to do it. 我几乎没有时间去做了。18. miss v. 思念、想念、　错过19. in the last few years. 在过去的几年内　常与完成时连用　如：I have lived in China in the last few years. 在过去的几年内我在中国住。 20. be different from 与…不同　21. how to swim 怎样游泳　　　不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可以和 what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问句连用，构成不定工短语。如： The question is when to start. 问题是什么时候开始。 I don't know where to go. 我不知道去哪。22. make sb./ sth. + 形容词　　make you happy make sb./ sth. + 动词原形 make him laugh23. move to +地方　搬到某地　如：I moved to Beijing last year.24. it seems that +从句　看起来好像……　如：　　It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起来他好像变了许多。25. help sb. with sth. 帮某人某事　help sb. (to ) do sth. 帮某人做某事　She helped me with English.　她帮助我学英语。She helped me (to) study English。　她帮助我学习英语。26. fifteen-year-old 作形容词　15 岁的　 fifteen-year-olds 作名词指 15 岁的人　 fifteen years old 指年龄　15 岁　如： a fifteen-year-old boy　一个 15 岁的男孩Fifteen-year-olds like to sing. 15 岁的人喜欢唱歌。I am fifteen years old . 我是 15 岁。27.支付不起… 　can't /couldn't afford to do sth. 　　　　　　 can't / couldn't afford sth. 如：I can't/couldn't afford to buy the car. I can't/couldn't afford the car. 我买不起这个辆小车。28. as + 形容词./副词＋as sb. could/can 尽某人的…能力　如： Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她尽她最快的能力去跑。29. get into trouble with 遇到麻烦　30. in the end 最后31. make a decision 下决定　下决心　32. to one's surprise 令某人惊讶　如：to their surprise　令他们惊讶　to LiLei's surprise 令李雷惊讶33. take pride in sth. 以…而自豪　如： His father always take pride in him. 他的爸爸总是以他而自豪34. pay attention to sth. 对…注意，留心　如：　　You must pay attention to your friend. 你应该多注意你的朋友。35. be able to do sth. 能做某事　如：She is able to do it. 她能够做到。36. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事　如：　　　My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已经放弃吸烟了。37.不再 ① no more == no longer 如： I play tennis no more/ longer.我不再打网球。 　　 　② not …any more == not …any longer　如： I don't play tennis any more/longer. 我不再打网球。38. go to sleep 入睡新目标九年级英语语法总结 Unit31.语态：　①英语有两种语态：主动语态和补动语态　　　主动语态表示是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者　②被动语态的构成　　由"助动词 be ＋及物动词的过去分词"构成 助动词 be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与 be 作为连系动词时完全一样。时态被动语态结构 例句一般现在时amare +过去分词isEnglish is spoken in many countries.一般过去时was +过去分词were + 过去分词This bridge was built in 1989.情 态动 词can/shouldmay+be+过去分词must/……The work must be done right now. ③被动语态的用法当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主动语态）如：　 Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。　be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态）如：　　LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允许去钦州。3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞　让/使（别人）做某事　 get sth. done(过去分词)　　　　　　　　　　　 have sth. done 如：I get my car made. == I havemy car made. 我让别人修好我的车4. enough 足够　　形容词＋enough 如：beautiful enough　足够漂亮 enough＋名词　如：enough food 足够食物 enough to 　足够…去做…　如：　　　I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。 She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事　Please stop speaking.请停止说话。stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事　Please stop to speak.请停下来说话。6. 看起来好像…sb. seem to do sth. He seems to feel very sad.it seems that +从句 It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。 7. 系动词不能独立作谓语，要和表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有：look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept 等。连系动词除 be 和 become 等少数词可接名词作表语外，一般都是接形容词。　如：　　They are very happy. He became a doctor two years ago.She felt very tired.8. 倒装句:由 so＋助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词＋主语　意为：…也是一样　　She is a student. So am I.　她是一个学生，我也是。 She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了，我也是 She has finished the work. So have I . 她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。 She will go to school. So will he.　她将去学校，他也是。9. yet 仍然，还　常用在否定句或疑问句当中10. stay up 熬夜如：I often stay up until 12:00pm.我经常熬夜到 12 点。 11. clean up 打扫　整理　如：　　I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已经打扫完了卧室。12. 程度副词：always 总是 usually 经常 sometimes 有时 never 从不如：I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school. 我总是/经常/有时/从不上学迟到。13. 曾经做某事：　　　Do you ever get to school late? Yes, I do. No, I don't. Have you ever got to school late? Yes, I have. No, I haven't.14. go shopping(去购物), go fishing(去钓鱼), go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去划船), go hiking(去登山), go trekking(去徒步)15. be strict with sb. 对某人严厉　如： Mother is strict with her son. 妈妈对她的儿子很严厉。16. take the test 参加考试 pass the test 通过考试 fail a test 考试失败17. the other day 前几天18. agree 同意　反义词 disagree 不同意 动词 agreement 同意　反义词 disagreement 不同意　名词18. keep sb/ sth. ＋形容词　使某人/某物保持….　如：　　We should keep our city clean.我们应该保持我们的城市干净。19. both…and…　+动词复数形式如： Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball.20. learn (sth.) from sb. 向谁学习(什么) 如：Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语21. have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事 have a chance of doing sth. 有机会做某事 如：I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing.22. at present 目前23. at least 最少 at most 最多24. 花费 take ,cost, spend , pay sth. take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book. sth. cost (sb.) …… The book cost (me) 100yuan. sb. spend … on sth. She spent 10days on this book. sb. spend …doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book. sb. pay … for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book.25. have +时间段+off 放假，休息 如：have 2 days off26. reply to 答复某人 如：She replayed to MrGreen.27. agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如：I agree to LiLei.28. get in the way of 碍事，妨碍 如：Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。29. success n. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv.30. think about 与 think of 的区别 ①当两者译为： 认为、想起、记着时，两者可互用 I often think about/ of that day. 我经常想起那天。 ② think about 还有"考虑"之意 ，think of 想到、想出时两者不能互用 At last, he thought of a good idea. 最后他想出了一个好主意。 We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我们正在考虑去钦州。31. 对… 热衷， 对…兴趣be serious about doing 如：She is serious about dancing. 她对跳舞热衷。 be serious about sth. 如：She is serious about him. 她对他感兴趣。32. practice doing 练习做某事She often practice speaking English.33. care about sb. 关心某人 如：Mother often care about her son.34. also 也 用于句中 either 也 用于否定句且用于句末 too 也 用于肯定句且用于句末 I am also a student. 我也是一个学生 I am a student too. 我也是一个学生。I am not a student either. 我也不是一个学生。新目标九年级英语语法总结 Unit41. if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句 即 虚拟语气通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气，虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种祝愿，建议或是与事实相反的假设等。 If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句，非真实条件句应用虚拟语气。如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时，其虚拟语气结构为：句 型条件从句主 句谓语动词形式动词过去式(be 动词用 were)would+动词原形 即：(从句)if +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用 were), 一般过去时(主句) 主语+would+动词原形 过去将来时如：If I had time, I would go for a walk.如果我有时间，我就会去散步。(事实上我现在没有时间) If I were you, I would take an umbrella.假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不是你)I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒绝。(事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员)2. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 I pretended to sleep just now. pretend +从句 假装… I pretended that I fell asleep.3. be late for 迟到 如： I am late for work/ school/ class/ party.4. a few 与 a little 的区别，few 与 little 的区别 ⑴ a few 一些 修饰可数名词 a little 一些 修饰不可数名词 两者表肯定意义 如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。 ⑵ few 少数的 修饰可数名词 little 少数的　修饰不可数名词 但两者表否定意义如：He has few friends. 他没有几个朋友。 There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。5. still 仍然,还 用在 be 动词之后，行为动词之前 如： I am still a student.我仍然是个学生 I still love him.我仍然爱他。6. hundred, thousand , million, billion (十亿)词前面有数词或 several一词时要不能加 s ，反之，则要加 s 并与 of 连用， 表示数量很多 如：several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people几百/千/百万/十亿人 hundreds of trees 上百棵树7. what if + 从句 如果…怎么办 ， 要是… 又怎么样 如： What if she doesn't come? 要是她不来怎么办？ What if LiLei knows? 如果李雷知道了怎么办？8. add sth. to sth. 添加…到… 如： I added some sugar to water. 我把糖添加到水里。 9. 系动词与形容词连用 get nervous 变得紧张 feel shy 觉得害羞 look friendly 看起来友好10. too +形/副+to do sth. 太…而不能 如： I'm too tired to stand. 我太累了而不能站。11. help with sth. 如：They help with this problem. help sb. do. 如：They help you relax. 他们帮助你放松12. in public 在公共场所 如:Don't smoke in public. 请不要在公共场所吸烟。13. energetic adj. 活力的如：She is a energetic girl. 她是一个活力的女孩。 energy n. 活力 如：She has lots of energies. 她有活力。14. ask sb. to do 叫…做某事 ask sb. not to do sth.叫…不要做某事 tell sb. to do 告诉…做某事 tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉…不要做某事如：Teacher asked me to clean the classroom. Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom.15. start doing == start to do. 开始做某事 如： He started speaking/ to speak. 他开始说话。16. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借来某物 如： I borrowed a book from Lily. 我从莉莉那里借来一本书。17.wait for sb.等某人 如：I am wait for him. 我正在等他。18. introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人 如： I introduced Lily to Anna. 我把莉莉介绍给安娜。19. invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事 如： Lily invited me to go to her home for supper. 莉莉邀请我去她家吃晚饭。20. have dinner/ supper 吃晚饭have lunch/ breakfast 吃午餐、吃早餐21. plenty of 修饰不可数名词，也可以修饰可数名词 许多 如： They have plenty of food/ apples. 他们有许多的食物/苹果。22. 给某人某物 give sth. to sb. 如： give an apple to me give sb. sth. give me an apple 给我一个苹果23. get along with sb. 与…相处 如：Do you get along well with your friends? 你和你的朋友相处得好吗？24. would rather do sth. than do sth. 表示愿做某事而不愿做某事 如： I would rather walk than run.25. whole 整个 26. in fact 事实上27. let sb. down 让某人失望 如： Don't let your mother down. 不要让你的妈妈失望。28. come up with sth. 提出 想出 如： He came up with a good idea. 他提出了一个好主意。 catch up with sb. 追上 赶上 如： Lily caught up with Anna. 莉莉赶上了安娜。29. have experience doing 在做某事有经验 如： I have experience teaching Chinese. 我在教英语方面有经验。30. come out 出版，出来 如： The magazine comes out once a week. 这种杂志每周出版一次。31. by accident 偶然地，无意之中 如：Last week I cut my finger by accident. 上个星期我不小心割到自己的手指。32. hurry to do 匆忙… I hurry to call the police. 33. more than 超过34. offer sb. sth. 给某人提供某物宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。 ①由连接词+ 主语+ 谓语　构成 　常由下面的一些词引导： ②由 that 引导 表示陈述意义 that 可省略 He says (that) he is at home. 他说他在家里。 ③由 if , whether 引导 表示 一般疑问意义(带有是否、已否、对否等) I don't know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish.我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。 ④由 连接代词、连接副词(疑问词) 引导 表示特殊疑问意义Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想要买什么吗？ ⑤从句时态要与主句一致 当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态 He says (that ) he is at home. 他说他在家里。 I don't know (that) she is singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。 She wants to know if I have finished my homework.她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。 Do you know when he will be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？ 当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时) He said (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。 I didn't know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。She wanted to know if I had finished m homework.她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。Did you know when he would be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？新目标九年级英语语法总结 Unit5现在完成时态⑴由 have/ has ＋　过去分词⑵表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果常与 already, just , yet , ever, never 连用Have you finished your work yet？你完成了你的工作了吗？Yes, I have. I have just finished it.　是的。我刚刚完成了。I have already finished it .　我已经完成了。Have you ever been to China?　你曾经去过中国吗？No, I have never been there.　没有，我从来也没有去过。⑶①表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作　或状态和表示过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状态连用如：（for + 时间段，since + 时间点，或过去某一动作， 以及 how long）②注： 非延续性动词在现在完成 时态中不能和 for, since 引导的表示一段时间的状语的肯定句连用。应转为相应的延续性动词 如：buy---- have die---- be dead join ---- be inborrow----- keep leave---- be awayI have bought a pen.------ I have had a pen for 2 weeks.The dog has died.------- The dog has been dead since last week.⑷① have (has) been to + 地点 去过某地 已经回来② have (has) gone to + 地点 去了某地 没有回来③ have been in + 地点 一直呆在某地 没有离开过 如：