小升初课程-完型填空考点梳理 完形填空是小升初难度最大的题，也是常考题，分值为 10 分。它集阅读理解、语法、词法、句法于一体。是考查语言 综合运用的能力的一道题。 近几年完形填空内容朝着情景生活化、 语言交际化、 词汇运用灵 活化的方向发展，更注重上下文联系，全面检测学生的阅读理解能力、 词汇运用能力、语法分 析能力和推理判断能力。 完形填空主要考查内容为语法、 逻辑关系及词汇。考点 常考形式语法 不可数名词，可数名词单复数，动词时态，基数词，序数词，形容词和副词的比较级、最高级，介词等逻辑关系根据上下文，选择逻辑词常考逻辑词表转折: but, however表承接和并列： and表原因：because表结果：so词汇 同义词辨析：speak, say, tell, talk相似词汇辨析：a lot of, lots of, a lot固定搭配：be interested in, be afraid to do形容词：excited, exciting解题技巧 第一步：浏览全文，读懂首句 以很快的速度浏览全文，抓住 who， when， where， what, why, how 掌握文章的主旨, 结合选项将 100%可以确定的答案写下来。完形填空第一句话为主题句或为下文提供重要信息，目的是使读者进入语境，因此一定要 认真阅读这句话。例：（68 所名校真题）John sent for a doctor because his wife was ill. 从首句可知，文章主要内容 John 带她的妻子去看医生。第二步：综合考虑，逐项推敲 完形填空的每个空格究竟如何选择正确答案要考虑以下四个方面。 1.语境。要通过略读得知文章的大意， 再结合选项在该句子中的语义联系，尤其是文章的 上下句去判断，才能选出最佳选项。例：（2015 南海实验中学）I went there by______. I got to Hangzhou Bus Station at 10:00 in the morning.A. bus B. train C. planeKey: 根据下文，I got to Hangzhou Bus Station, 可知他坐车去杭州。2.语法。如通过语境推测不能得出结论，就要求学生根据自己所学的语法推断出正确的结 论。如考虑人称代词的主格宾格、 动词时态、 名词单复数等。例：（68 所名校真题）John sent for a doctor because his wife was ill……..Suddenly he __7__ a girl cryingA. hears B. was hearing C. heard D. would hear由前文可知，文章运用过去时，讲述过去的事情，因此此空也应填过去时，故选 C。3.固定搭配。要考虑到一些介词的固定搭配。例：（68 所名校真题）After class, he often plays basketball _________ his friends.A. to B. for C. on D. withKey: D 此句意为：下课后，他经常与他的同学一起打篮球，根据固定搭配 play with 可知填 with.4.必要的常识。有时候通过学生的常识即能判断出合适的选项。Bill Gates is a great _________company scientist. A. Chinese B. English C. American D Canadian Key: C 根据常识比尔盖茨是一个美国人，故选 C第三步：复读全文，检查连贯与否 完成填空后，最好再用一两分钟将文章从头至尾再看一遍。将所选的选项代入空格处进 行阅读理解，看是否符合文章的含义。若感到个别空格选项意思不妥，再进行分析修正。【真题再现 2015 南海实验中学】Hi, I’m Liu Yang. I live in Suzhou. Last weekend I 1 my uncle and my aunt in Hangzhou. I went there by 2 . I got to Hangzhou Bus Station at 10:00 in the morning. My aunt Lucy and my cousin Tony came and took me to West Lake. We rowed a boat on the 3 . It was so wonderful.Then we went to the Taiziwan Park on foot. It was a 4 day. The sun was shining in the sky. We felt thirsty and 5 . We sat under a big tree and had our lunch. We had bread, hamburgers, orange juice and some bananas. Tony saw a fish in the water. So we fedthe fish with 6 . More and more fish swam to us and opened their mouths. We fed them too. We were very happy that day.( )1. A. called B. visited C. emailed( )2. A. bus B. train C. plane( )3. A. road B. water C. air( )4. A. hot B. cool C. cold( )5. A. angry B. hungry C. worried( )6. A. bread B. stone C. leave一、解题步骤：1.第一遍通读全文，读懂首句。 通读全文， 通过前文“Last weekend I ________ my uncle and myaunt in Hangzhou.””可以判断文章的时态为一般过去时，并可推测下文记叙他去杭州。2.第二遍综合考虑，逐渐推敲： 上下文兼顾，并根据语法，固定搭配等依次完成每一选项。3. 第三遍复读全文，检查连贯与否。二、答案详解1. B。选项 A,致电，打电话； 选项 B，探望；选项 C，发邮件，根据下文，下文主要讲述的Liuyang 在杭州游玩，故选 B2. B。根据下文，I got to Hangzhou Bus Station, 可知他坐车去杭州，故选 B。3.B。根据常识，前文提及的是划船，可知是在水上划船，故选 B。4.A。根据 The sun was shining in the sky，阳光很猛烈，可知天气十分热。5.B。选项 A，生气；选项 B，肚子饿；选项 C，担忧。We felt thirsty and __________, 我们感到很渴和很饿，故选 B.6.A。选项 A，面包；选项 B，石头；选项 C 叶子。So we fed the fish with ________, 喂鱼用面包，故选 A。【学以致用】（68 所名校真题） AJohn sent for a doctor because his wife was ill. He 1 the doctor and made sure they would meet at five. He arrived at the doctor’s at twenty 2 five. He thought, “ It’s a little bit earlier. I’ll wait for a moment. It’s good __3__ there on time.”　__4__ he stopped his car in front of the doctor’s. He __5__ and saw a noisy square not far from here. He went there and sat down on a chair to enjoy the last light of afternoon sun and kept himself quiet. He saw some children 6 and some women talking to each other happily.Suddenly he __7__ a girl crying. He came up to her and asked some questions. Then he knew she got lost. John tried to find out her __8 _ and took her home. The girl’s parents were very thankful.　Then John hurried to the doctor’s. When the doctor saw him, he was very __9__ and said, “You’re late. Why did you keep me waiting for twenty minutes?” John said __10__ except (除了)one word—sorry.1A. called B. see C. saw D. call2.A. past B. to C. of D. after3.A. to arrived atB. to get C. to leave D. to ride4.A. Every timeB. From now on C. Before D. Then5.A. looked forB. looked afterC. looked at D. looked around6.A. play B. playing C. to play D. played7.A. hears B. was hearing C. heard D. would hear8. A. name B. school C. age D. address9. A. polite B. angry C. happy D. kind10. A. nothing B. everything C. anything D. something答案: 1-5ABBDD 6-10 BCDBABKaty stood at the door of the classroom. All her classmates were looking at the thing on her head. “Come in and sit beside –（ 1 ） ,Katy. Your mother phoned and （ 2 ） me that,” said Ms. James. Katy sat down. Ms. James put an arm around her. “I am sure you feel uncomfortable now,” Ms. James said. Katy had been （ 3 ） everyone would think she looked stupid. But now Ms. James was so kind. And no one was laughing at her. Katy （ 4 ） –to feel better. “I know how that feels, said Ms James. “When I got my braces(牙植), I had to stop eating taffy!” （太妃糖）“You had braces?” “I sure（ 5 ） !”– Ms. James said. “I’ll show you my pictures. ”“You’ll never guess what my nickname (缚号）was,” Ms. James said. “Metal (金属)mouth?” Ms. James walked to the （ 6 ） . In big white letters, she wrote “Jawbreaker–James. ”Under the name, she sticked (贴）a picture of herself wearing braces. Then she reached for her camera.“ Katy, you are the first student in our class to have braces，”said Ms. James. “I want to stick a picture of you next to mine. Then we'll have a nickname （ 7 ） for you. You will decide the winner. ”Ms. James turned to the class and said "‘Whatever name Katy chooses is the– （ 8 ） – nickname she can be called.（ 9 ） . Ms. James chose the best ideas she had got from the class. Katy took the ideas home tomake her choice. The next morning Katy went to the blackboard. In big white letters, she wrote the name she had （ 10 ） . Ms. James smiled and said, “We’ll all be happy to call you ‘Katy’. ”1A. me B. her C. him D. us2.A. asked B. told C. showed D. sent3.A. sad B. surprised C. angry D. afraid4.A. decided B. started C. planned D. hoped5.A. got B. made C. did D. chosen6.A. door B. seat C. picture D. blackboard7.A. project B. research C. introductionD. competition8. A. only B. first C. worst D. last9. A. So B. Later C. Instead D. Next 10. A. known B. called C. chosen D. given答案: 1-5 ABDBC 6-10 DDABC常考同义词组用法区分1.Some，much, many ,any, little, few 的辨析可数名词复数 不可数名词many muchfew(否定，几乎没有)little(否定，几乎没有)a few a littlesome（肯定句，表请求/建议）any（否定或疑问句）lots of= a lot of [拓展] a lot, 表程度，很，非常，副词修饰动词。 例如: Thanks a lot!例句：1.There are many clothes in the shop. 商店里有很多衣服。2. I have much money. 我有很多金钱。3.There were few eggs in the fridge, so he went to the supermarket and bought some. 冰箱里几乎没有鸡蛋，所以他去了超市买一些。4.There were little milk in the fridge, so he went to the supermarket and bought some.冰箱里几乎没有牛奶，所以他去了超市买一些。5. There are some apples on the desk. 有一些苹果在桌子上面。6. Do you have any women’s trousers? 这里有一些女装裤子吗？7. There are lots of/ a lot of apple on the desk. 有许多屏多在桌面上。【练习】1. Would you like ________ juice?—Yes, please.A. any B. some C. a D. an2. There isn’t ____________thing in the box.A． some B． any C． little D． few3.This is a very old song, so ________ young people know it.A. few B. little C. a few D. a little4. There is _________ ink in my pen. Would you give me ________?A. little/ a little B. a little/ little C. few/ a few D. a few/ few5. I have ________ friends in my class.A. many B. much C. any 答案: BBAAA2.speak, say, tell, talk 的辨析1.speak,说话, speak 作及物动词时后面跟各种语言; 后面跟人做宾语要加介词 to, speak to sb. 同某人说话2.say，是及物动词，表示说的内容，即说了什么话,say to sb. 表示对某人说3.talk，谈话，谈论。是不及物动词, 后面跟人的时候用介词 with、to 等, 后面跟“事情”要用到介词 about， talk to/ talk with 表示与…交谈；talk of/ talk about,表示谈及某人/某事4.tell, 表示“讲述、告诉”是及物动词, 后面首先要跟人, 然后再跟从句或者介词短语；tell sb. sth./ tell sb. about sth./ tell sb. not to do sth.例句：1. Can you speak French? 你会说法语吗？2. May I speak to John, please? 我能和约翰讲话吗？或 请找约翰接电话好吗？3. Mr. Chen wants to talk to you. 陈老师要和谈谈。 4. He said he would come to join us. 他说他回来加入我们。5. Tell me if you need any help. 需要帮忙说一声【练习】1.The teacher_________ the students not to be late again.2. Do you often __________ to your friends on the phone?3. Don’t forget to __________“Thank you” when someone opens the door for you.4. Cant you _____________ Japanese?5. Our English teacher comes from America, but she often______ we can ________ Chinesewhen we______ with her. Sometimes she __________ us stories in Chinese.答案: 1. tells 2. talk 3. say 4. speak 5. says; speak; talk; tells【课后练习】A––– Do you like to shop on the Internet? Things online are very cheap. I often get 1___–online. Let me tell you how to buy one when I want to know something about a book. Firstly, I write an e-mail to the online shop. Then they will__2__me some pictures of thebook. I think this is very helpful.––– Online shops are__3__open. I can do shopping even at midnight if I want to . Real shops usually close__4__–nine o'clock in the evening.––– After you__5__the online shopkeeper what you want, you can have your things in afew days. When you go shopping in a shopping mall, you have to talk _6__–with the shopkeeper and walk a lot. I don't like it, because I get tired __7__.––– I am teaching my grandmother__8__–online. She cannot walk very far(远).__9__it is easy for her to shop online. My brother wants to learn how to do it too. He is very__10__most of the time. When he has a little free time, he can shop online. So you see, shopping online saves time.1A. shoes B. books C. food D. toys2.A. tell B. show C. give D. sell3.A. sometimes B. often C. always D. usually4.A. in B. on C. at D. for5.A. spend B. pay C. cost D. buy6.A. a lot of B. much C. lots of D. many7.A. easy B. easily C. happy D. happily8. A. why to shopB. where to shopC. how to shop D. when to shop9. A. because B. for C. so D. but10. A. healthy B. free C. lazy D. busy答案：1-5 BBCCB 6-10 BBCCDBA new term begins. My father __1_ a job in a bank. Our family has to move to Green Street. It's a __2___ avenue（街道） and there are a lot of cars, jeeps, buses and taxis here. I am in Garden High School now. I’m________ here and I know only Miss Smith. We live in the same building and her house is__4__ our house. She teaches us maths. She workhard and is friendly to my______ and me. So we like her.Do you hope to visit our school? It's a________ place. There're eight nice gardens in it. You will see all kinds of flowers in them. If you don't________ the way, please go down the Fifth Avenue and turn right until you see a bank __7__ your left. You will see atall white building. Our school is just across from it._______ me when you get here. I will meet you.1A. buys B. meets C. finds D. sees2.A. house B. farm C. tree D. family 3.A. quiet B. busy C. small D. dirty4.A. new B. old C. good D. cheap5.A. between B. of C. next to D. next6.A. classmatesB. parents C. friends D. cousins7.A. easy B. early C. hard D. beautiful8. A. tell B. know C. say D. ask9. A. to B. on C. in D. for10. A. Write B. Read C. Call D. Answer答案：1-5 CDBAC 6-10 ADBBC