西南大学网络与继续教育学院课程考试试题卷类别：网教 专业：应用英语 / 英语教育 课程名称【编号】：综合英语二【0086】 A 卷大作业 满分：100 分I. Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points each)Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinishedstatements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C. and D. You should decide on the bestchoice.Passage One There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is bornwith. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brainhe has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. Sothe second factor is what happens to the individual— the sort of environment in which he is reared. If anindividual is handicapped environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attainthe level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be demonstrated by thecase history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, andtheir growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they wereplaced in separate foster homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community withpoor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college.He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests tomeasure their intelligence. Mark’s I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully fortypoints higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, wouldhave tested at roughly the same level.1. This selection can best be titled____B_____.A. Measuring Your Intelligence B. Intelligence and Environment C. The Case of Peter and Mark D. How the Brain Influences Intelligence2. The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that _C____. A. human brains differ considerablyB. the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligenceC. environment is crucial in determining a person’s intelligence D. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3. According to the passage, the average I.Q. is __A___.A. 85 B.100C. 110 D.1254. The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that __C_____. A. individual with identical brains seldom test at same level B. an individual’s intelligence is determined only by his environment C. lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence D. changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain5. This passage suggests that an individual’s I.Q.__C____. A. can be predicted at birth B. stays the same throughout his life C. can be increased by education D. is determined by his childhoodPassage Two About a year ago, while at a supermarket, I read a thought-provoking sign posted at the check-out counter.In essence, it said the store was using only plastic bags.On the surface, that seemed to be very environmentally unfriendly. But the sign went on to explain arationale that hadn't occurred to me until then, asserting that the energy and exhaust fumes expelled totransport the same number of paper bags outweighed the fact that plastic wasn't biodegradable. Paper bags takeup more space and require more trucks for transport, so the store believed it was lessening its carbon footprintby using plastic.It got me thinking, so I looked into it a bit further. According to the Society of Plastics Industry, it requires400 percent more energy to manufacture a paper bag than a plastic one. And while paper bags are compostableand biodegradable, they also cost the world trees, potentially increasing greenhouse gases. (I say "potentially"because if the trees used are from paper farms and were planted only for the purpose of being cut down, thenthose wouldn't factor in here. )I suppose we could end the discussion by simply purchasing those canvas grocery bags that are showingup in supermarkets everywhere. But what sort of impact does their production have on the environment?I'm just saying there are no easy answers. And you know what they say about the road to hell withgood intentions. I was talking about this recently with my husband, John, who had probably the bestsuggestion of all.Why not ask for plastic and bring your used plastic bags each time you visit the grocery store? If you usethem five or six times, or until they start to fall apart, you've really done a good thing, haven't you? You canalso use them to line your small wastebaskets, instead of purchasing plastic trash bags.There's another environmental dilemma I've been struggling with, too. We use quite a lot of paperplates in my house. I'm not going to defend it, because I know all about landfills and deforestation and anyother argument you could throw my way. But I also know a thing or two about the need for convenience andnecessary evils. But are paper plates really evil? I don't know.Doesn't the energy used to run the dishwasher and the chemicals from the dishwashing detergent thateventually enter the water table count for anything? That might be even worse.- 1 - 6. From the passage, we can learn that ___D___. A. the store uses plastic bags because it doesn't concern about environment B. the store believes that plastic bags have less negative impact on environment C. the author doesn't care about environment D. the author doesn't agree with the store7. The store chooses to use plastic bags because it believes _A_____. A. plastic bags are green B. plastic bags are biodegradable and can be used many times C. paper bags cost energy in transportation and world trees, probably increasing greenhouse gasses D. paper bags are more energy-consuming than plastic ones8. In the fifth paragraph, the sentence "you know what they say about the road to hell with good intention"means that ___C___. A. people should buy canvas grocery bags to protect the environment B. people should use plastic bags instead of paper bags C. people may intent to protect the environment but turn out to jeopardize it D. the author doesn't think using canvas grocery bags is a good idea9. By "another environmental dilemma" in Paragraph 7, the author means that ___C___. A. she doesn't know which kind of bags to use, plastic ones or paper ones B. she has no idea whether using paper plates is evil or not C. she knows clearly about how using paper plates will destroy the environment but still use them D. how much energy will be used to run the dishwasher and whether chemicals from dishwashing detergent will pollute the water10. Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A. Am I really helping Mother Earth? B. How to protect the environment? C. The environmentally friendly plastic bags. D. Plastic bags or paper bags?Passage ThreeIt's no secret that some of the resolutions that many of us vowed to pursue in the new year  eat healthily,lose weight, quit smoking, save more money  have already fallen by the wayside. Many of them are likely the same resolutions that we abandoned last January. And it's a good thing forthose who sell health club memberships, quit-smoking programs and other products that help us think we canimprove our lives. Many gyms see new memberships double in January, making up for the third of their members who do notrenew each year. And many who sign up in January will be no-shows by February. "If I try one quick fix and it doesn't work, I may be more likely to try the next quick fix," Lisa Lahey, whocoaches executives how to sustain behavior change, told The Times. The Biggest Loser Resort at Fitness Ridge doesn't offer any quick fixes, just a 12-hour schedule full ofexercise, a 1200-calories-a-day diet and a fee of $2000 a week. The resort teaches its clients that "weightmanagement" is a combination of fitness, diet and emotional health. "Given my recent weight gain, and the fact that I was turning 50," Jennifer Conlin wrote in The Times,'' Iwanted to start a program that would make 2012 the year I finally got in shape." "For years, the advice to the overweight people has been that we simply need to eat less and exercisemore," Tara Parker-Pope wrote. "While there is truth to this guidance, it fails to take into account that thehuman body continues to fight against weight loss long after dieting has stopped. This translates into asobering reality: once we become fat, most of us, despite our best efforts, will probably stay fat." Of course this revelation, it proven true by further study, is not good news for the weight-loss industry. Butchances are it won't have much impact on the human tendency to resolve to get to the gym more and avoidchocolate cake when the clock strikes midnight on December 31.A11. What do we learn from the first paragraph about New Year resolutions? A. They are hard to sustain. B. They help shed bad habits. C. They test one's strength. D. They promise a good year.D12. Who do New Year resolutions eventually benefit? A. Society in general. B. Health club members. C. Business executives. D. Health industries.B13. What is special about the Biggest Loser Resort's weight management program? A. It gives top priority to emotional health. B. It does not resort to any quick fixes. C. It focuses on one's behavior change. D. It is not cheap but extremely effective.C14. What happens when people stop dieting? A. They regain their appetite. B. Their weight bounces back. C. They usually stay in shape. D. Their health is likely to failA15. What do people tend to do about New Year resolutions? A. They keep making them year after year. B. They abandon them once progress is made. C. They keep trying until they finally succeed. D. They make them for the sake of making them.II. Cloze (15 points, 1 points each)Directions: There is one incomplete passage with 15 blanks in this part. For each blank, there are fourchoices marked A, B, C and D. Decide which of the choices would correctly complete the passage if insertedin the corresponding blanks. During recent years we have heard muchabout “race”: how this race does certain thingsand that race believes certain things and so on.Yet, the 1D phenomenon of race consists of afew surface indications.We judge race usually 2B the colouring ofthe skin: a white race, a brown race, a yellow raceand a black race. But 3B you were to removethe skin you could not 4C anything about therace to which the individual belonged. There is 5C in physical structure, the brain or the internal1. A. completeC. total 2. A. in C. at3. A. since C. as4. A. speak C. tell5. A. something C. nothingB. fullD. wholeB. fromD. onB. if D. whileB. talkD. mentionB. everythingD. anything- 2 - organs to 6 B a difference.There are four types of blood. 7 A types arefound in every race, and no type is distinct to anyrace. Human brains are the 8 D . No scientistscould examine a brain and tell you the race towhich the individual belonged. Brains will 9 Din size, but this occurs within every race. 10 Cdoes size have anything to do with intelligence.The largest brain 11 A examined belonged to aperson of weak 12 C . On the other hand, someof our most distinguished people have had 13Bbrains.Mental tests which are reasonably 14Dshow no differences in intelligence between races.High and low test results both can be recorded bydifferent members of any race. 15 C equaleducational advantages, there will be nodifference in average standings, either on accountof race or geographical location.6. A. display C. demonstrate7. A. All C. Not 8. A. same C. similar9. A. remain C. decrease10. A. Only C. Nor11. A. everC. never12. A. healthC. mind13. A. bigC. minor 14. A. trueC. certain 15. A. Provided C. GivenB. indicateD. appearB. Most D. SomeB. identicalD. alike B. increaseD. varyB. OrD. SoB. thenD. onceB. bodyD. thoughtB. smallD. majorB. exactD. accurateB. ConcerningD. FollowingIII. Translation (30 points)Section ADirections: Translate the following sentences into English. 1. 他的成功很大程度上依靠了他同事的配合。His success largely depended on his colleagues' cooperation.2. 对我来说，没有哪一家的服务和膳食能与这儿的相比。 For me, there has been no other hotel to match the service and food here.3. 与外国人打交道时，我们必须对他们的文化有所了解。In dealing with foreigners, we must know something about their culture.4. 可以设想，人们总有一天会征服太空。It can be assumed that man will sooner or later conquer the outer space.5. 经过一番心态调整，他们开始喜欢音乐与绘画了。After a period of adjustment, they take to music and drawing.6. 她完全沉浸在书中境界里，连敲门声也没听见。She was so engrossed in her book that she didn’t hear the knocking at the door.7．如果他能戒烟，那对他来说将是个良好的开端。It would be a good beginning if he got rid of smoking.8．抱怨自己运气不好是没用的，你应该鼓起勇气尽力工作。It is no good / use complaining of your bad luck. You should take courage and try your best in the work.9. 没有作好充分的准备我是不愿意去的。I'm not willing to go without sufficient preparation.10. 鼓励学生参加课堂讨论是现在教师的通常做法。It is now standard practice for teachers to encourage their students to take part in the class discussion.Section BDirections: Translate the following short panagraph into Chinese.One day, however, he was dismayed to find the book missing from its usual place and was about to leavewhen he noticed the owner of the shop beckoning to him. Expecting to be told off, he went towards him. To hissurprise, the owner pointed to the book, which was tucked away in a corner. “I put it there in case anyone wastempted to buy it,” he said, and left the delighted student to continue his reading.可有一天他沮丧地发现，那本书已不再原处。正当他准备离开时，他注意到书店老板向他招手，让他过去。走过去时他以为老板会骂他。不料，老板指着那本已被放在角落里的书说：“我把书放那儿了 ，以免有人想要买它。”然后让那欣喜的学生继续读书。IV. Writing (25 points)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of 200 words or so based onthe following topic. My View on Healthy EatingThe breakfast is delicious cereal advocates: Maryland Institute of medical research nutritionist BruceBarton said "don't eat breakfast, it is the most of all the bad habits. But there are many kinds of breakfast, butbreakfast is the best choice. " Indeed, after breakfast, the metabolism of the human body begins to start again.The meal is the most important meal for every El. Last year, Milton's study found that eating breakfast cerealsgirls than Han shall not eat. His other study also pointed out that people who eat cereals eat less high caloriesnacks in a day. - 3 -